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<ul class="navigation"><li class="prev"><a accesskey="p" class="prev" href="WSfd1234e1c4b69f30ea53e41001031ab64-7610a.html" title="Duplicate an item when transforming it"><img src="images/blank.gif" alt="Previous" width="17" height="17" /></a></li><li class="next"><a accesskey="n" class="next" href="WS714a382cdf7d304e153d0941004907be29-7ff6a.html" title="Warp an item"><img src="images/blank.gif" alt="Next" width="17" height="17" /></a></li></ul><div class="hierarchy" id="hierarchy"><a href="WSfd1234e1c4b69f30ea53e41001031ab64-763ea.html">Retouching and transforming</a> /
     <a href="WSfd1234e1c4b69f30ea53e41001031ab64-761aa.html"><b>Transforming objects</b></a> 
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                <h1>
                    Transform freely
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                <div><div class="section"><p>The
Free Transform command lets you apply transformations (rotate, scale,
skew, distort, and perspective) in one continuous operation. You
can also apply a warp transformation. Instead of choosing different
commands, you simply hold down a key on your keyboard to switch
between transformation types.</p>
<div class="note"><span class="notetitle">Note:  </span> If you are transforming
a shape or entire path, the Transform command becomes the Transform
Path command. If you are transforming multiple path segments (but
not the entire path), the&#160;Transform command becomes the
Transform Points command.</div>
</div>
<ol><li class="stepexpand"><span>Select what you want to transform. </span></li>
<li class="stepexpand"><span>Do one of the following:</span><ul><li><p>Choose Edit&#160;&gt; Free Transform.</p>
</li>
<li><p>If you are transforming a selection, pixel-based
layer, or selection border, choose the Move tool&#160;<img src="images/P_Move_Lg_N.png" />. Then
select Show Transform Controls in the options bar.</p>
</li>
<li><p>If you are transforming a vector shape or path,
select the Path Selection tool&#160;<img src="images/P_Select_Lg_N.png" />. Then
select Show Transform Controls in the options bar.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="stepexpand"><span>Do one or more of the following:</span><ul><li><p>To scale by dragging, drag a handle. Press
Shift as you drag a corner handle to scale proportionately. </p>
</li>
<li><p>To scale numerically, enter percentages in the&#160;Width&#160;and
Height text boxes in the options bar. Click the Link icon&#160;<img src="images/P_Link_Sm_N.png" /> to
maintain the aspect ratio.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To
rotate by dragging, move the pointer outside the bounding border
(it becomes a curved, two‑sided arrow), and then drag. Press Shift
to constrain the rotation to 15° increments. </p>
</li>
<li><p>To rotate numerically, enter degrees in the rotation
text box&#160;<img src="images/P_Angle_Sm_N.png" /> in
the options bar.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To distort relative to the center point of the bounding
border, press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac&#160;OS), and drag
a handle.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To distort freely, press Ctrl (Windows) or Command
(Mac&#160;OS), and drag a handle.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To
skew, press Ctrl+Shift (Windows) or Command+Shift (Mac&#160;OS),
and drag a side handle. When positioned over a side handle, the
pointer becomes a white arrowhead with a small double arrow.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To skew numerically, enter degrees in the H (horizontal
skew) and V (vertical skew) text boxes in the options bar.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To
apply perspective, press Ctrl+Alt+Shift (Windows) or Command+Option+Shift
(Mac&#160;OS), and drag a corner handle. When positioned over
a corner handle, the pointer becomes a gray arrowhead.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To warp, click the Switch Between Free Transform
And Warp Modes button&#160;<img src="images/P_WarpTrans_Md_N.png" /> in
the options bar. Drag control points to manipulate the shape of
the item or choose a warp style from the Warp pop‑up menu in the
options bar. After choosing from the Warp pop‑up menu, a square
handle is available for adjusting the shape of the warp.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To change the reference point, click a square on
the reference point locator&#160;<img src="images/P_RefPointLocator_Lg_N.png" /> in
the options bar.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To move an item, enter values for the new location
of the reference in the X (horizontal position) and Y (vertical
position) text boxes in the options bar. Click the Relative Positioning
button&#160;<img src="images/P_Delta_Sm_N.png" /> to
specify the new position in relation to the current position.</p>
<div class="tip"><img src="images/tip_help.png" />To undo the last handle adjustment, choose Edit&#160;&gt;&#160;Undo.</div></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="stepexpand"><span>Do one of the following:</span><ul><li><p>Press Enter (Windows) or&#160;Return
(Mac&#160;OS), click the Commit button&#160;<img src="images/P_Accept_Md_N.png" /> in
the options bar, or double-click inside the transformation marquee.</p>
</li>
<li><p>To cancel the transformation, press Esc or click
the Cancel button&#160;<img src="images/P_Cancel_Md_N.png" /> in
the options bar.</p>
</li>
</ul>
 <div class="important"><span class="importanttitle">Important:  </span>When you transform a bitmap image
(versus a shape or path), the image becomes slightly less sharp
each time you commit a transformation; therefore, performing multiple
commands before applying the cumulative transformation is preferable
to applying each transformation separately.</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>

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